Tunable light source

ABSTRACT

An illuminated bassinet including a light source for delivering therapeutic light and anti-bacterial light, where an interlock prevents the anti-bacterial light from being emitted while an infant is located in the bassinet. Also, a surgical illuminator configured to concurrently or alternately emit different wavelengths of light for treating a physiological condition and for affecting perception of the surgical opening.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefit of Application No. 62/634,386 filedon Feb. 23, 2018, which is herein incorporated by reference in itsentirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates generally to light sources and, moreparticularly, to a tunable light source used in a hospital setting.

BACKGROUND

Approximately 60% of the infants born in the United States each yearbecome clinically jaundiced. The most common therapy for treatingjaundice in infants is phototherapy. Phototherapy facilitates thetransformation of the compounds causing jaundice (i.e., unconjugatedbilirubin) into compounds that are more easily excreted by the infant.Phototherapy is, however, not limited to treating jaundice, but may beused to treat many other issues.

For example, photobiomodulation (PBM) uses visible (400-700 nm) andnear-infrared (700-1100 nm) light to elicit photophysical andphotochemical events by involving endogenous chromophores. PBM has beenused to alleviate pain inflammation, and to promote wound healing andtissue regeneration.

The efficacy of the different phototherapies depends on four mainfactors: irradiance (light intensity), spectral range (wavelength orcolor), exposed skin surface area, and duration of exposure. Irradianceis a measurement of the light energy incident on the skin (power persurface area per wavelength). Proper application of phototherapytreatments requires assessment of each of these four factors.

SUMMARY

The present disclosure provides an illuminated bassinet including alight source for delivering therapeutic light and anti-bacterial light,where an interlock prevents the anti-bacterial light from being emittedwhile an infant is located in the bassinet.

The present disclosure provides a surgical illuminator configured toconcurrently or alternately emit different wavelengths of light fortreating a physiological condition and for affecting perception of thesurgical opening.

According to one aspect, there is provided an illuminated bassinet forreceiving an infant. The bassinet includes a housing, an electromagneticradiation source, circuitry, and an interlock. The housing forms acavity configured to receive the infant. The electromagnetic radiationsource is configured to emit electromagnetic radiation into the cavity.The circuitry is configured to control the wavelength of theelectromagnetic radiation emitted by the electromagnetic radiationsource, such that the electromagnetic radiation source emits:anti-bacterial light comprising electromagnetic radiation having awavelength that retards or suppresses bacterial growth; and therapeuticlight comprising electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength thattreats a condition of the infant. The interlock is configured to preventemission of the anti-bacterial light by the electromagnetic radiationsource when the infant is located within the cavity.

Alternatively or additionally, the therapeutic light is chosen to atleast one of: treat jaundice or stimulate wound healing.

Alternatively or additionally, the therapeutic light includes awavelength falling within a range of 460-470 nm or 630-940 nm.

Alternatively or additionally, the anti-bacterial light is chosen todamage bacteria.

Alternatively or additionally, the anti-bacterial light includes awavelength falling within a range of 400-410 nm or 255-280 nm.

Alternatively or additionally, the interlock comprises at least one of:a combination of a cover configured to engage with a top of the housingand switches positioned such that the switches are toggled when thecover is positioned on the top of the housing; a pressure sensorconfigured to sense a presence of an infant within the cavity; an RFIDsensor configured to sense an RFID chip on the infant when locatedwithin the cavity; or an accelerometer configured to sense movement ofthe infant within the cavity.

Alternatively or additionally, the electromagnetic radiation sourcecomprises a plurality of light sources including a first light sourceand a second light source. Each of the plurality of light sources isconfigured to emit light having a wavelength within a particularwavelength range. The wavelength range of the light emitted by the firstlight source is not identical to the wavelength range of the lightemitted by the second light source.

Alternatively or additionally, the electromagnetic radiation sourceincludes a tunable light source and a wavelength of electromagneticradiation emitted by the tunable light source varies depending on asignal received by the electromagnetic radiation source.

The present disclosure also provides a phototherapy system including theilluminated bassinet and a sensor. The sensor is configured to be wornby an infant or placed in a local environment of the infant andconfigured to detect in time a wavelength and an intensity of lightincident on the sensor. The circuitry is configured to receive an outputsignal from the sensor based on, for wavelengths of light sensed by thesensor, a time duration and a light intensity of the sensed light. Thecircuitry is also configured to compare (1) an optical power of thesensed wavelengths of light included in the output signal to (2) arecommended optical power for various wavelengths of light. Thecircuitry is further configured to control the electromagnetic radiationsource to illuminate the cavity with electromagnetic radiation such thatthe wavelengths of light sensed by the sensor meet or exceed therecommended optical power for the various wavelengths.

The present disclosure further provides a phototherapy system includinga bassinet and a sensor. The sensor is configured to be worn by aninfant or placed in a local environment of the infant and configured tomeasure in time a level of jaundice of the infant. The circuitry isconfigured to: receive an output signal from the sensor indicating thelevel of jaundice of the infant; and control the electromagneticradiation source to illuminate the cavity with electromagnetic radiationhaving a wavelength known to aid in treatment of jaundice at an opticalintensity determined based on the level of jaundice of the infant.

The present disclosure additionally provides a surgical illuminatorincluding an electromagnetic radiation source and circuitry. Theelectromagnetic radiation source configured to emit electromagneticradiation into a surgical opening. The circuitry is configured tocontrol a wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by theelectromagnetic radiation source, such that the electromagneticradiation source concurrently or alternately emits: perceiving lightcomprising electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength chosen toeffect perception of the surgical opening; and therapeutic lightcomprising electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength known to treata physiological condition.

Alternatively or additionally, emission of the therapeutic light causesa perceived color change of the light emitted by the electromagneticradiation source. The perceiving light is chosen to offset the perceivedcolor change of the light emitted by the electromagnetic radiationsource, such that concurrent emission of the therapeutic light and theperceiving light reduces the perceived color change of the light emittedby the electromagnetic radiation source.

Alternatively or additionally, concurrent emission of the therapeuticlight and the perceiving light results in the light emitted by theelectromagnetic radiation source appearing white in color.

Alternatively or additionally, the perceiving light comprises lighthaving a wavelength chosen to visually enhance perception of at leastone cancerous tissue, noncancerous tissue, blood, veins, nerves, bone,and intervertebral discs, or other tissues that are more readilyapparent when illuminated at particular wavelengths.

Alternatively or additionally, the perceiving light and the therapeuticlight are: simultaneously emitted; or emitted sequentially such that theperceiving light and the therapeutic light appear to be simultaneouslyemitted.

Alternatively or additionally, the surgical illuminator furthercomprises a housing including mounting structures configured to engage acorresponding receiving structure on a surgical instrument.

Alternatively or additionally, the surgical illuminator furthercomprises a light guide configured to transport electromagneticradiation from the electromagnetic radiation source to an emissionsurface of the light guide. The emission surface emits theelectromagnetic radiation from the electromagnetic radiation source toilluminate the surgical cavity.

Alternatively or additionally, the light guide is articulable to adjustan area illuminated by the electromagnetic radiation.

Alternatively or additionally, the therapeutic light is chosen to atleast one of: stimulate wound healing, retard or suppress bacterialgrowth, catalyze certain compounds involved in photodynamic therapy, ortreat an area for the purposes of photobiomodulation therapy.

Alternatively or additionally, the therapeutic light includes one ormore wavelengths falling within a range of 300-1200 nm.

Alternatively or additionally, the circuitry is further configured tofor one or more wavelengths of interest, calculate a dose ofelectromagnetic radiation provided by the electromagnetic radiationsource for each of the one or more wavelengths of interest. Thecircuitry is further configured to, for a given wavelength, receive adesired dose. The circuitry is further configured to, for the givenwavelength, control emission by the electromagnetic radiation source ofelectromagnetic radiation having the given wavelength, such that thedesired dose of the given wavelength is provided by the electromagneticradiation source to the surgical opening.

The present disclosure also provides an overhead surgical lamp forilluminating a surgical area including the illuminator.

The present disclosure further provides an illuminated surgical toolcomprising a surgical tool and the illuminator.

While a number of features are described herein with respect toembodiments of the invention; features described with respect to a givenembodiment also may be employed in connection with other embodiments.The following description and the annexed drawings set forth certainillustrative embodiments of the invention. These embodiments areindicative, however, of but a few of the various ways in which theprinciples of the invention may be employed. Other objects, advantagesand novel features according to aspects of the invention will becomeapparent from the following detailed description when considered inconjunction with the drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The annexed drawings, which are not necessarily to scale, show variousaspects of the invention in which similar reference numerals are used toindicate the same or similar parts in the various views.

FIG. 1 is a side view of a schematic diagram of an exemplary illuminatedbassinet.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetic radiation sourceincluding a plurality of light sources.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetic radiation sourceincluding a tunable light source.

FIG. 4 is a side view of a schematic diagram of a phototherapy systemincluding a sensor and the illuminated bassinet of FIG. 1.

FIG. 5 is a side view of a schematic diagram of a phototherapy systemincluding a physiological sensor and the illuminated bassinet of FIG. 1.

FIG. 6 is a side view of a schematic diagram of a surgical illuminator.

FIG. 7 is an exemplary plot of perceiving light and therapeutic lightwithout compensation that has been emitted by the surgical illuminatorof FIG. 6.

FIG. 8 is an exemplary plot of perceiving light and therapeutic lightincluding compensation that has been emitted by the surgical illuminatorof FIG. 6.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a surgical instrument and an embodimentof the surgical illuminator.

FIGS. 10 and 11 are schematic diagrams of a surgical instrument, anembodiment of the surgical illuminator, and a surgical cavity.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present invention is now described in detail with reference to thedrawings. In the drawings, each element with a reference number issimilar to other elements with the same reference number independent ofany letter designation following the reference number. In the text, areference number with a specific letter designation following thereference number refers to the specific element with the number andletter designation and a reference number without a specific letterdesignation refers to all elements with the same reference numberindependent of any letter designation following the reference number inthe drawings.

The present invention provides an illuminated bassinet including anelectromagnetic radiation source, an interlock, and circuitry. Thecircuitry controls the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation emittedby the electromagnetic radiation source. The interlock prevents emissionof anti-bacterial light (having a wavelength that retards or suppressesbacterial growth) when the infant is located within the illuminatedbassinet.

Turning to FIG. 1, an exemplary illuminated bassinet 10 for receiving aninfant 22 is shown. The illuminated bassinet 10 includes a housing 12, acavity 14, an electromagnetic radiation source 16, circuitry 18, and aninterlock 20. The housing 12 forms a cavity 14 that is configured toreceive an infant 22. The electromagnetic radiation source 16 isconfigured to emit electromagnetic radiation 24 into the cavity 14. Thecircuitry 18 is configured to control the electromagnetic radiationsource 16 to emit anti-bacterial light 24 a and therapeutic light 24 b.The interlock 20 is configured to prevent emission of the anti-bacteriallight 24 a by the electromagnetic radiation source 16 when the infant 22is located within the cavity 14.

With continued reference to FIG. 1, the housing 12 includes a cavity 14configured to receive an infant 22. The housing 12 may be made of anysuitable material. For example, the housing 12 may be made of a plasticthat is not adversely affected by the wavelength of the anti-bacteriallight 24 a and the therapeutic light 24 b. Alternatively oradditionally, the housing 12 may include a material that attenuates theanti-bacterial light 24 a and/or the therapeutic light 24 b.

As the cavity 14 may take any suitable shape for receiving an infant.For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the cavity 14 may include walls thatprevent the infant 22 from rolling out of the housing 12.

As described above, the electromagnetic radiation source 16 isconfigured to emit electromagnetic radiation 24 (also referred to aslight) into the cavity 14. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, theelectromagnetic radiation source 16 may be positioned above the cavity14. Alternatively, the electromagnetic radiation source 16 may belocated within the cavity 14 or in any other suitable position forilluminating the cavity 14. For example, the electromagnetic radiationsource 16 may comprise multiple light emitting diodes (LEDs) positionedon side walls of the cavity 14. Alternatively or additionally, theelectromagnetic radiation source 16 may comprise a multi-wavelengthlight source or alternatively a combination of separate sources (e.g.,multiple LEDs) emitting electromagnetic radiation having differingwavelengths. For example, the electromagnetic radiation source 16 maycomprise separate sources located in different housings that arephysically separate from one another.

The electromagnetic radiation source 16 is configured to emit multiplewavelengths of electromagnetic radiation 24 including anti-bacteriallight 24 a and therapeutic light 24 b. The anti-bacterial light 24 acomprises electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength that damagesbacteria or retards or suppresses bacterial growth. For example, theanti-bacterial light 24 a may have a wavelength of 400-410 nm, 255-280nm, and/or any suitable wavelength shown to retard/suppress bacterialgrowth or to damage bacteria.

The therapeutic light 24 b comprises electromagnetic radiation having awavelength that treats a condition of the infant 22. For example, thetherapeutic light may be chosen to at least one of: treat jaundice orstimulate wound healing. As an example, the therapeutic light 24 b mayinclude a wavelength falling within a range of 460-470 nm or 630-940 nm.

The circuitry 18 is configured to control the wavelength of theelectromagnetic radiation 24 emitted by the electromagnetic radiationsource 16. For example, the circuitry 18 provides an output signal tothe electromagnetic radiation source 16 identifying the parameters to beused to generate a particular wavelength of electromagnetic radiation24.

As described above, the interlock 20 is configured to prevent emissionof the anti-bacterial light 24 a by the electromagnetic radiation source16 when the infant 22 is located within the cavity 14. For example, theinterlock 20 may comprise a combination of a cover configured to engagewith a top of the housing and switches positioned such that the switchesare toggled when the cover is positioned on the top of the housing. Inthis way, the interlock 20 may control the electromagnetic radiationsource 16 such that anti-bacterial light 24 a is only emitted when thelid is located on the top of the housing 12 (i.e., when the infant isnot located within the cavity 14). Alternatively or additionally, theinterlock may include a sensor configured to directly sense a presenceof an infant 22 within the cavity 14. For example, the interlock 20 maycomprise a pressure sensor configured to detect a weight of the infant22 within the cavity 14, an RFID sensor configured to sense an RFID chipon the infant 22 when located within the cavity (e.g., an RFID braceletfrequently placed on newborn infants in the hospital), and/or anaccelerometer configured to sense movement of the infant within thecavity 14. As will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art,the interlock 20 is not limited to these sensors listed above, but mayinclude any suitable sensor (e.g., an infrared (IR) occupancy sensor, acamera or an opto switch, etc.).

In addition to the anti-bacterial light 24 a, the interlock 20 may alsoprevent emission of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation 24 otherthan the anti-bacterial light 24 a. In an alternative embodiment, theelectromagnetic radiation source 16 may only emit anti-bacterial light24 a (i.e., not emit therapeutic light 24 b) and the interlock 20 may beused to prevent emission of electromagnetic radiation 24 while an infant22 is located within the cavity 14.

As will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art, the interlock20 may interact with the circuitry 18 to prevent emission of theanti-bacterial light 24 a by the electromagnetic radiation source 16when the infant 22 is located within the cavity 14. For example, thecircuitry 18 may receive a signal from the interlock 20. The circuitry18 may then determine whether an infant is located within the cavity 14based on the received signal from the interlock 20. For example, whenreceiving a signal from a pressure sensor or accelerometer, thecircuitry 18 may determine that an infant 22 is located within thecavity 14 (and consequently prevent the electromagnetic radiation source16 from outputting anti-bacterial light 24 a) if the received signal isgreater than a threshold.

The electromagnetic radiation source 16 may comprise any suitable sourceof electromagnetic radiation capable of outputting the wavelength(s) ofthe anti-bacterial light 24 a and the wavelength(s) of the therapeuticlight 24 b. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the electromagneticradiation source 16 may comprise a plurality of light sources 30including a first light source 30 a and a second light source 30 b. Eachof the plurality of light sources 30 may be configured to emit lighthaving a wavelength within a particular wavelength range. The wavelengthrange of the light emitted by the first light source 30 a may bedifferent from (i.e., not identical to) the wavelength range of thelight emitted by the second light source 30 b.

For example, the plurality of light sources 30 may comprise lightemitting diodes (LEDs), with the first light source 30 a comprising afirst LED and the second light source 30 b comprising a second separateLED. As shown in FIG. 2, the first LED 30 a may emit electromagneticradiation 24 having a wavelength range of the anti-bacterial light 24 a.In this way, when the circuitry 18 controls the electromagneticradiation source 16 to emit anti-bacterial light 24 a, the first LED 30a may be activated. Similarly, the second LED 30 b may emitelectromagnetic radiation 24 having a wavelength range of thetherapeutic light 24 b. In this way, when the circuitry 18 controls theelectromagnetic radiation source 16 to emit therapeutic light 24 b, thesecond LED 30 b may be activated.

In another embodiment, the plurality of light sources 30 may comprise afirst, second, third, and fourth light source 30, with each of thefirst, second, third, and fourth light sources 30 emittingelectromagnetic radiation having a different wavelength range. In thisembodiment, a combination of the wavelengths of electromagneticradiation emitted by the first and second light sources may togetherinclude the wavelengths of the anti-bacterial light 24 a. Consequently,the circuitry 18 may cause the first and second light sources to emitlight simultaneously or sequentially when controlling theelectromagnetic radiation source 16 to emit anti-bacterial light 24 a.Similarly, in this embodiment, a combination of the wavelengths ofelectromagnetic radiation emitted by the third and fourth light sourcesmay together include the wavelengths of the therapeutic light 24 b.Consequently, the circuitry 18 may cause the third and fourth lightsources to emit light simultaneously or sequentially when controllingthe electromagnetic radiation source 16 to emit therapeutic light 24 b.

As will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art, while theabove describes a first light source, a second light source, a thirdlight source, and a fourth light source, the first, second, third, andfourth light sources are not each limited to a singular light source.That is, each of the first, second, third, and fourth light sources mayinclude multiple LEDs. That is, the first light source may comprise aplurality of LEDs, the second light source may comprise a plurality ofLEDs, the third light source may comprise a plurality of LEDs, and thefourth light source may comprise a plurality of LEDs.

In an alternative embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the electromagneticradiation source 16 may include a tunable light source 30, where awavelength of electromagnetic radiation 24 emitted by the tunable lightsource 30 varies depending on a signal received by the electromagneticradiation source 16. That is, the electromagnetic radiation source 16may include a single light source 30 that is tunable to vary thewavelength of the electromagnetic radiation 24 output by the tunablelight source 30. For example, the tunable light source 30 may firstoutput anti-bacterial light 24 a using a single tunable LED 30 and thesame single tunable LED 30 may then be used to output therapeutic light24 b.

As will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art, the lightsource(s) 30 are not limited to LEDs, but may comprise any suitablesource of electromagnetic radiation 24.

Turning to FIG. 4, a phototherapy system 40 including the illuminatedbassinet 10 and a sensor 42 is shown. The sensor 42 is configured to beworn by an infant 22 or to be placed in a local environment of theinfant 22 (e.g., in the cavity 14). The sensor 42 is configured todetect in time a wavelength and an intensity of light incident on thesensor 42. For example, the sensor 42 may comprise a photodiode or anyother suitable light sensor capable of measuring the optical power andwavelength of light incident on the sensor.

With continued reference to FIG. 4, the circuitry 18 may be configuredto receive an output signal from the sensor 42 based on, for thewavelengths of light sensed by the sensor 42, a time duration and alight intensity of the sensed light. That is, the circuitry 18 mayreceive from the sensor 42 a signal indicating (1) a particularwavelength of light and (2) a light intensity and (3) time duration oflight sensed by the sensor 42 having the particular wavelength. Thesensor 42 may report to the circuitry 18 data on all wavelengths sensedby the sensor 42 or, alternatively, only report data on a subset of thewavelengths sensed by the sensor 42 (e.g., particular wavelengthrange(s) of interest).

The circuitry 16 may compare (1) an optical power of the sensedwavelengths of light included in the output signal to (2) a recommendedoptical power for various wavelengths of light. The circuitry 16 maythen control the electromagnetic radiation source 16 to illuminate thecavity 14 with electromagnetic radiation 24, such that the wavelengthsof light sensed by the sensor 42 meet or exceed the recommended opticalpower for the various wavelengths. For example, if the sensor 42indicates that the optical power of electromagnetic radiation having awavelength in the range 500-530 nm is below the recommend optical powerfor the wavelength range 500-530 nm, the circuitry 16 may increase theoptical power output by the electromagnetic radiation source 16 untilthe optical power sensed by the sensor 42 for electromagnetic radiationhaving a wavelength of 500-530 nm matches the recommend optical power.

Turning to FIG. 5, the phototherapy system 40 may include theilluminated bassinet 10 and a physiological sensor 44. The physiologicalsensor 44 may be configured to be worn by an infant 22 or placed in alocal environment of the infant and configured to measure in time alevel of jaundice of the infant 22. The physiological sensor 44 maycomprise any sensor suitable for measuring a jaundice level of theinfant 22. For example, the physiological sensor 44 may comprise aphotodiode and corresponding light source configured to measure a colorof the infant's skin.

With continued reference to FIG. 5, the circuitry 18 may be configuredto receive an output signal from the physiological sensor 44 indicatingthe level of jaundice of the infant 22. The circuitry 18 may thencontrol the electromagnetic radiation source 16 to illuminate the cavity14 with electromagnetic radiation 24 having a wavelength known to aid intreatment of jaundice at an optical intensity determined based on thelevel of jaundice of the infant 22. For example, if a level of theinfant's jaundice is within a given range, the circuitry 18 may controlthe electromagnetic radiation source 16 to generate electromagneticradiation 24 having a predetermined wavelength range and a predeterminedintensity.

As will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art, the sensor 42and physiological sensor 44 may be used simultaneously. That is, thecircuitry 18 may receive output signals from both the sensor 42 and thephysiological sensor 44 and the circuitry 18 may control theelectromagnetic radiation source 16 according to the output signals fromboth the sensor 42 and the physiological sensor 44. The sensor 42 andphysiological sensor 44 may additionally comprise a single device. Forexample, the sensor 42 and the physiological sensor 44 may be locatedwithin a same housing.

Turning to FIG. 6, a surgical illuminator 50 is shown. The surgicalilluminator 50 includes an electromagnetic radiation source 16 andcircuitry 18. The electromagnetic radiation source 16 is configured toemit electromagnetic radiation 24 into a surgical opening 52. Forexample, the surgical illuminator 50 may include a same or similarelectromagnetic radiation source 16 as described above in reference tothe illuminated bassinet 10. The circuitry 18 is configured to control awavelength of the electromagnetic radiation 24 emitted by theelectromagnetic radiation source 16, such that the electromagneticradiation source 16 concurrently or alternately emits perceiving light24 c and therapeutic light 24 d. The perceiving light 24 d compriseselectromagnetic radiation 24 having a wavelength chosen to effectperception of the surgical opening 52. The therapeutic light 24 dcomprises electromagnetic radiation 24 having a wavelength known totreat a physiological condition.

The therapeutic light 24 d may be chosen to at least one of: stimulatewound healing, retard or suppress bacterial growth, catalyze certaincompounds involved in photodynamic therapy, or treat an area for thepurposes of photobiomodulation therapy. For example, the therapeuticlight 24 d may include a wavelength falling within a range of 300-1200nm. As an example, the therapeutic light 24 d may include wavelengthsused for PBM (600-1100 nm) and/or for photodynamic therapy (PDT)(300-1200 nm). The wavelength and intensity of the therapeutic light 24d are not limited to these applications, but may be chosen to treat anyphysiological condition.

Emission of the therapeutic light 24 d may cause a perceived colorchange of the light emitted by the electromagnetic radiation source 16.For example, in FIG. 7 therapeutic light 24 d in the red spectrum isemitted. In this example, the electromagnetic radiation 24 emitted bythe electromagnetic radiation source 16 is a combination of thetherapeutic light 24 d and the perceiving light 24 c. Because in thisexample the perceiving light 24 c is white (i.e., is broad spectrum),the resulting total electromagnetic radiation emitted by theelectromagnetic radiation source 16 will appear to be red shifted due tothe inclusion of the therapeutic light 24 d.

As shown in FIG. 8, the perceiving light 24 c may be chosen to offsetthe perceived color change of the light emitted by the electromagneticradiation source, such that concurrent emission of the therapeutic light24 d and the perceiving light 24 c reduces the perceived color change ofthe light emitted by the electromagnetic radiation source 16. As anexample, concurrent emission of the therapeutic light 24 d and theperceiving light 24 c may results in the light emitted by theelectromagnetic radiation source 16 appearing white in color.

For example, the perceiving light 24 d may be modified to reduce theemission of a wavelength of electromagnetic radiation that is perceivedas the same color, but that is different from the wavelength of thetherapeutic light 24 c. As an example, in FIG. 8, the therapeutic light24 c comprises a wavelength of light perceived as red. To avoid thelight emitted by the electromagnetic radiation source 16 being perceivedas red shifted, the perceiving light 24 c is altered to reduce theintensity of a higher wavelength red light than the wavelength of thetherapeutic light 24 d.

As will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art, thetherapeutic light 24 d and perceiving light 24 c are not limited tohaving the profiles shown in the figures. For example, the figures donot show how the relationship between actual intensity of light andperceived intensity of light differ for different wavelengths of light.Consequently, the compensation by the perceiving light 24 c for thetherapeutic light 24 d may require that the alteration of the perceivinglight 24 c have a different magnitude than the intensity of thealteration of the therapeutic light 24 c.

Further, as will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art, thecompensation for the therapeutic light 24 d may only be required forthose wavelengths of the therapeutic light 24 d that are perceived bythe human visual system. For example, invisible infrared or UV light maynot be compensated for by the perceiving light 24 c.

The perceiving light 24 c is not limited to compensation for the visualeffect caused by the therapeutic light 24 d. For example, the perceivinglight 24 d may include light having a wavelength chosen to visuallyenhance perception of at least one cancerous tissue, noncanceroustissue, blood, veins, nerves, bone, and intervertebral discs, or othertissues that are more readily apparent when illuminated at particularwavelengths. As an example, when performing surgery, there may be bloodcovering many of the tissues. To increase the visibility of the othertissues in the surgical cavity, the perceiving light may include a broadspectrum of wavelengths with the red component removed or the intensityof the red component made to be lower than the other wavelengths. Thatis, the perceiving light may have a larger component of green and bluelight than red light. In this way, the perceiving light may be used toincrease the visibility of tissues of interest by reducing or removingthe color component of light found in other tissues surrounding thetissues of interest.

The perceiving light 24 c and the therapeutic light 24 d may besimultaneously emitted as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. Alternatively, theperceiving light 24 c and the therapeutic light 24 d may be emittedsequentially, such that the perceiving light and the therapeutic lightappear to be simultaneously emitted. For example, emission of theperceiving light 24 c and the therapeutic light 24 d may be alternatedat a frequency that is too fast to be perceived by humans, causing theperceiving light 24 c and the therapeutic light 24 d to appear to beemitted simultaneously.

Turning to FIG. 9, the surgical illuminator may include a housing 60having mounting structures 62 configured to engage correspondingreceiving structures 72 on a surgical instrument 70.

Turning to FIG. 10, the surgical illuminator 50 may additionally includea light guide 80 configured to transport electromagnetic radiation 24from the electromagnetic radiation source 16 to an emission surface 82of the light guide 80. The emission surface 82 emits the electromagneticradiation 24 from the electromagnetic radiation source 16 to illuminatethe surgical cavity 52. As shown in FIG. 11, the light guide 80 may bearticulable to adjust an area illuminated 86 by the electromagneticradiation 24.

As shown in the FIGS. 6 and 9-11, the surgical illuminator 50 may takedifferent forms. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the illuminator 50 maybe included in an overhead surgical lamp for illuminating a surgicalarea. Alternatively, the illuminator 50 may be included in a surgicaltool as shown in FIGS. 9-11.

The circuitry 18 of the illuminator 50 may be further configured to: forone or more wavelengths of interest, calculate a dose of electromagneticradiation provided by the electromagnetic radiation source for each ofthe one or more wavelengths of interest. The circuitry 18 may alsoreceive, for a given wavelength, a desired dose. For the givenwavelength, the circuitry 18 may control emission by the electromagneticradiation source of electromagnetic radiation having the givenwavelength, such that the desired dose of the given wavelength isprovided by the electromagnetic radiation source 16 to the surgicalopening 52. For example, the circuitry 18 may receive as an input anestimated duration of a surgical procedure and the circuitry 18 maycalculate the intensity profile vs time for the one or more wavelengthsof interest based on the estimated duration of the surgical procedure.

As will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art, the circuitry18 may have various implementations. For example, the circuitry 18 mayinclude any suitable device, such as a processor (e.g., CPU),programmable circuit, integrated circuit, memory and I/O circuits, anapplication specific integrated circuit, microcontroller, complexprogrammable logic device, other programmable circuits, or the like. Thecircuitry 18 may also include a non-transitory computer readable medium,such as random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), anerasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), or anyother suitable medium. Instructions for performing the operationsdescribed above may be stored in a non-transitory computer readablemedium and executed by the circuitry 18. The circuitry 18 may becommunicatively coupled to a computer readable medium and a networkinterface through a system bus, mother board, or using any othersuitable structure known in the art. The circuitry 18 may be locatedwithin a same or different housing than the electromagnetic radiationsource 16.

It should be appreciated that many of the elements discussed in thisspecification may be implemented in a hardware circuit(s), a processorexecuting software code or instructions which are encoded withincomputer readable media accessible to the processor, or a combination ofa hardware circuit(s) and a processor or control block of an integratedcircuit executing machine readable code encoded within a computerreadable media. As such, the term circuit, module, server, application,or other equivalent description of an element as used throughout thisspecification is, unless otherwise indicated, intended to encompass ahardware circuit (whether discrete elements or an integrated circuitblock), a processor or control block executing code encoded in acomputer readable media, or a combination of a hardware circuit(s) and aprocessor and/or control block executing such code.

All ranges and ratio limits disclosed in the specification and claimsmay be combined in any manner. Unless specifically stated otherwise,references to “a,” “an,” and/or “the” may include one or more than one,and that reference to an item in the singular may also include the itemin the plural.

Although the invention has been shown and described with respect to acertain embodiment or embodiments, equivalent alterations andmodifications will occur to others skilled in the art upon the readingand understanding of this specification and the annexed drawings. Inparticular regard to the various functions performed by the abovedescribed elements (components, assemblies, devices, compositions,etc.), the terms (including a reference to a “means”) used to describesuch elements are intended to correspond, unless otherwise indicated, toany element which performs the specified function of the describedelement (i.e., that is functionally equivalent), even though notstructurally equivalent to the disclosed structure which performs thefunction in the herein illustrated exemplary embodiment or embodimentsof the invention. In addition, while a particular feature of theinvention may have been described above with respect to only one or moreof several illustrated embodiments, such feature may be combined withone or more other features of the other embodiments, as may be desiredand advantageous for any given or particular application.

1. An illuminated bassinet for receiving an infant, the bassinetcomprising: a housing forming a cavity configured to receive the infant;an electromagnetic radiation source configured to emit electromagneticradiation into the cavity; circuitry configured to control thewavelength of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by theelectromagnetic radiation source, such that: the electromagneticradiation source emits: anti-bacterial light comprising electromagneticradiation having a wavelength that retards or suppresses bacterialgrowth; and therapeutic light comprising electromagnetic radiationhaving a wavelength that treats a condition of the infant; and aninterlock configured to prevent emission of the anti-bacterial light bythe electromagnetic radiation source when the infant is located withinthe cavity.
 2. The bassinet of claim 1, wherein the therapeutic light ischosen to at least one of: treat jaundice or stimulate wound healing. 3.The bassinet of claim 2, wherein the therapeutic light includes awavelength falling within a range of 460-470 nm or 630-940 nm.
 4. Thebassinet of claim 1, wherein the anti-bacterial light is chosen todamage bacteria.
 5. The bassinet of claim 4, wherein the anti-bacteriallight includes a wavelength falling within a range of 400-410 nm or255-280 nm.
 6. The bassinet of claim 1, wherein the interlock comprisesat least one of: a combination of a cover configured to engage with atop of the housing and switches positioned such that the switches aretoggled when the cover is positioned on the top of the housing; apressure sensor configured to sense a presence of an infant within thecavity; an RFID sensor configured to sense an RFID chip on the infantwhen located within the cavity; or an accelerometer configured to sensemovement of the infant within the cavity.
 7. The bassinet of claim 1,wherein: the electromagnetic radiation source comprises a plurality oflight sources including a first light source and a second light source;each of the plurality of light sources is configured to emit lighthaving a wavelength within a particular wavelength range; the wavelengthrange of the light emitted by the first light source is not identical tothe wavelength range of the light emitted by the second light source. 8.The bassinet of claim 1, wherein: the electromagnetic radiation sourceincludes a tunable light source; and a wavelength of electromagneticradiation emitted by the tunable light source varies depending on asignal received by the electromagnetic radiation source.
 9. Aphototherapy system comprising: a sensor configured to be worn by aninfant or placed in a local environment of the infant and configured todetect in time a wavelength and an intensity of light incident on thesensor; the bassinet of claim 1, wherein: the circuitry is configuredto: receive an output signal from the sensor based on, for wavelengthsof light sensed by the sensor, a time duration and a light intensity ofthe sensed light; compare (1) an optical power of the sensed wavelengthsof light included in the output signal to (2) a recommended opticalpower for various wavelengths of light; control the electromagneticradiation source to illuminate the cavity with electromagnetic radiationsuch that the wavelengths of light sensed by the sensor meet or exceedthe recommended optical power for the various wavelengths.
 10. Aphototherapy system comprising: a sensor configured to be worn by aninfant or placed in a local environment of the infant and configured tomeasure in time a level of jaundice of the infant; the bassinet of claim1, wherein: the circuitry is configured to: receive an output signalfrom the sensor indicating the level of jaundice of the infant; andcontrol the electromagnetic radiation source to illuminate the cavitywith electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength known to aid intreatment of jaundice at an optical intensity determined based on thelevel of jaundice of the infant.
 11. A surgical illuminator comprising:an electromagnetic radiation source configured to emit electromagneticradiation into a surgical opening; and circuitry configured to control awavelength of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by theelectromagnetic radiation source, such that: the electromagneticradiation source concurrently or alternately emits: perceiving lightcomprising electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength chosen toeffect perception of the surgical opening; and therapeutic lightcomprising electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength known to treata physiological condition.
 12. The illuminator of claim 11, wherein:emission of the therapeutic light causes a perceived color change of thelight emitted by the electromagnetic radiation source; and theperceiving light is chosen to offset the perceived color change of thelight emitted by the electromagnetic radiation source, such thatconcurrent emission of the therapeutic light and the perceiving lightreduces the perceived color change of the light emitted by theelectromagnetic radiation source.
 13. The illuminator of claim 11,wherein concurrent emission of the therapeutic light and the perceivinglight results in the light emitted by the electromagnetic radiationsource appearing white in color.
 14. The illuminator of claim 11,wherein the perceiving light comprises light having a wavelength chosento visually enhance perception of at least one cancerous tissue,noncancerous tissue, blood, veins, nerves, bone, and intervertebraldiscs, or other tissues that are more readily apparent when illuminatedat particular wavelengths.
 15. The illuminator of claim 11, wherein theperceiving light and the therapeutic light are: simultaneously emitted;or emitted sequentially such that the perceiving light and thetherapeutic light appear to be simultaneously emitted.
 16. Theilluminator of claim 11, further comprising a housing including mountingstructures configured to engage a corresponding receiving structure on asurgical instrument.
 17. The illuminator of claim 11, further comprisinga light guide configured to transport electromagnetic radiation from theelectromagnetic radiation source to an emission surface of the lightguide, wherein the emission surface emits the electromagnetic radiationfrom the electromagnetic radiation source to illuminate the surgicalcavity.
 18. The illuminator of claim 17, wherein the light guide isarticulable to adjust an area illuminated by the electromagneticradiation.
 19. An overhead surgical lamp for illuminating a surgicalarea, comprising the illuminator of claim
 11. 20. An illuminatedsurgical tool comprising a surgical tool and the illuminator of claim11.
 21. The illuminator of claim 11, wherein the therapeutic light ischosen to at least one of: stimulate wound healing, retard or suppressbacterial growth, catalyze certain compounds involved in photodynamictherapy, or treat an area for the purposes of photobiomodulationtherapy.
 22. The illuminator of claim 10, wherein the therapeutic lightincludes one or more wavelengths falling within a range of 300-1200 nmor 630 nm-940 nm.
 23. The illuminator of claim 10, wherein the circuitryis further configured to: for one or more wavelengths of interest,calculate a dose of electromagnetic radiation provided by theelectromagnetic radiation source for each of the one or more wavelengthsof interest; for a given wavelength, receive a desired dose; for thegiven wavelength, control emission by the electromagnetic radiationsource of electromagnetic radiation having the given wavelength, suchthat the desired dose of the given wavelength is provided by theelectromagnetic radiation source to the surgical opening.